Today marks another anniversary of the passing of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder of the Republic of Turkey.
Modern.az reports that Mustafa Kemal Pasha was born in 1881 in Thessaloniki, Greece.
He led the brotherly country from 1923 to 1938 and became the first President of the Republic of Turkey.
The military and political leader of the Turkish War of Independence, the founder of the Republic of Turkey, passed away on November 10, 1938, in Istanbul.
After the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in the First World War in 1914-1918, the victorious powers - England, France, Italy, and Greece - occupied a large part of Turkey.
Mustafa Kemal, an officer of the Ottoman army, refused to accept this occupation and launched the National Liberation Movement on May 19, 1919, in Samsun.
On May 11, 1920, the capitulatory Treaty of Sèvres, which formalized the occupation of a large part of Turkish territories, was signed between the Ottoman government in Istanbul and the victorious powers.
However, the Resistance Forces, refusing to accept capitulation and uniting under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal, began the War of Independence against the occupiers.
On September 14, 1920, general mobilization was declared.
The War of Independence concluded on August 30, 1922, with the complete victory of the Turkish nation. On October 13, 1923, Ankara was declared the capital. On October 29, the establishment of the Republic of Turkey was officially declared in the Grand National Assembly. After long discussions at the Lausanne Peace Conference, Turkey was recognized by the great powers within its existing borders.
In 1934, the Grand National Assembly of Turkey gave Mustafa Kemal the surname "Atatürk".
So, how was the surname “Atatürk” given to Mustafa Kemal?
According to historical documents in Turkish archives, after the surname law was adopted in the brotherly country in 1934, a search began to find a suitable surname for Mustafa Kemal.
Even a commission consisting of linguist and historian deputies was formed within the CHP parliamentary group.
This commission proposed 13 surnames to Mustafa Kemal before the surname “Atatürk”. Mustafa Kemal, however, accepted the 14th surname - “Atatürk”. So, what were the other surnames?
Modern.az presents them to your attention:
1. Kemal Etel-Etil - (Original pronunciation of Attila's name. Means great river)
2. Kemal Etelalp - (Means great hero in the Altai language)
3. Kemal Korkut - (Fearless, knight)
4. Kemal Arız - (Proposed, influenced by the Turkish hero Alp Aruz)
5. Kemal Ulaş - (Name of a Turkish hero, Salur Kazan, son of Ulaş)
6. Kemal Yazır - (Name of the Turkish hero Yazır, son of Yağlıkçı)
7. Kemal Emen - (Name of the Turkish hero Emen Bey, son of Ucen)
8. Kemal Çoğaş - (Means sun, light)
9. Kemal Salur - (Name of one of the Turkish heroes)
10. Kemal Begit - (Means healthy)
11. Kemal Ergin - (Means a person of wisdom, a perfect human being)
12. Kemal Tokuş - (Name of a Turkish hero: Ertokuş-Knight)
13. Kemal Beşe - (Means distinguished, eminent)
A.Qorxmaz
