The South Caucasus has historically been a crossroads of various cultures, and the architectural heritage formed in this geography reflects that multi-layered history. Historical sources widely note the existence of numerous monuments belonging to Azerbaijani-Turkic Muslim culture for centuries in the territory of present-day Armenia, especially in Yerevan and surrounding regions. However, due to political changes, wars, and ideological approaches during the 20th century, a large part of this heritage has not survived to the present day.
Historical documents and research show that in the 16th-18th centuries, the city of Yerevan was one of the important administrative and trade centers. During this period, mosques such as Shah Abbas, Sardar, and Haji Novruzali operated in the city, and at the same time, caravanserais, baths, and other architectural examples shaped the city's appearance. These structures were also one of the main elements of social and cultural life. However, in later periods, a large part of these monuments was either destroyed or completely disappeared over time.
Today, one of the rare examples partially preserved from that heritage is considered to be the Blue Mosque. Nevertheless, there are various approaches regarding its original function and historical identity. The fact that the mosque is currently presented more as a cultural object and museum further actualizes these discussions.
During the USSR era, a general negative attitude towards religious buildings prevailed, and this policy affected not only Muslim monuments but also other religious objects. Many mosques were used for storage, clubs, or other economic purposes, while some were completely destroyed. As a result of this process, the religious and cultural map of the region changed significantly.
After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the situation began to develop in a different direction against the background of new political realities. The escalation of relations between Azerbaijan and Armenia resulted in an attack on Armenia's cultural heritage belonging to Azerbaijan.
In recent years, against the backdrop of intensifying peace talks in the region, the issue of cultural heritage has become relevant again. Experts believe that political agreements alone are not enough to ensure lasting peace. Factors such as historical memory, cultural heritage, and mutual respect are also an integral part of this process. In particular, an objective approach to the fate of lost or altered monuments, steps towards their restoration and protection can contribute to the formation of an environment of trust.
In this regard, the preservation of Azerbaijani heritage in the territory of Armenia is the key to future relations between the two countries. How this heritage will be valued, protected, or restored acts as one of the important indicators of long-term stability and cooperation in the region. At the same time, the preservation of our various historical and religious monuments in ruins in the Karabakh and Eastern Zangezur regions during the occupation is an unforgettable memory.
Modern.az presents photos showing how our historical heritage in this region was neglected by foreign journalists during the occupation:
